The latest legal form of companies in Egyptian law, with the exception of the provision of Article 505 of the Civil Code, which requires that the company consists of at least two partners, each natural person, or legal entity within the purposes for which it was established, may establish a single-person company.
The joint stock company is defined in accordance with Article 2 of Law No. 159 of 1981 mentioned as “” a company whose capital is divided into equal value shares that can be traded in the manner specified in the law. The responsibility of the shareholder is limited to the performance of the value of the shares in which he subscribed. The company shall have a trade name derived from the purpose of its establishment and the trade name of the company may include a name or title for one or more of its founders, its shares may be offered for public subscription and may be listed on the Egyptian Stock Exchange and its shares shall be registered with the depository companies. And the central constraint
It shall be established in accordance with the provisions of the Investment Law No. 72 of 2017 or Law No. 159 of 1981.

​Partnerships are companies that are based on personal consideration, and this consideration is the main factor for dealing with the company, and usually consists of a few people with a certain relationship such as kinship or friendship, and trust each other in his ability and efficiency.
According to Article 4 of Law No. 159 of 1981, it is a company whose number of partners does not exceed fifty partners, each of whom shall not be liable except to the extent of his share. The transfer of the shares of the partners therein shall be subject to the redemption of the partners in accordance with the special conditions contained in the memorandum of association as well as the conditions stipulated in this law.
 Its name may be derived from its purpose. Its title may include the name of one or more partners.The number of partners shall not be less than two and they may not offer shares through public subscription and shall not be listed on the Egyptian Stock Exchange